Because X sob a perspectiva da Gramática de Construções

uma análise baseada em corpus

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14393/DL48-v15n4a2021-4

Palabras clave:

Gramática de Construções, Because, Linguística de Corpus

Resumen

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise da construção [because X] com base nos preceitos teóricos da Gramática de Construções (FILLMORE et al., 1988; GOLDBERG, 1995, 2006; BYBEE, 2016) e na Linguística de Corpus (McENERY; HARDIE, 2013; SINCLAIR, 2005) como metodologia. Os dados foram coletados com um código computacional no corpus EnTenTen (JAKUBÍČEK et al. 2013), de acordo com padrões lexicogramaticais de because. Os resultados indicam forte preferência da construção [because X] por substantivos, adjetivos e interjeições em [X], muitas vezes se comportando como [because + sintagma preposicional]. Com base nos parâmetros de Fillmore et al. (1988), [because X] pode ser vista como construção aberta, codificável, formal e extragramatical. Sugerimos que [because X] é usada principalmente em contextos informais, favorecendo a brevidade.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Métricas

Cargando métricas ...

Biografía del autor/a

Wellington Araujo Mendes Junior, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais

Doutorando e Mestre em Estudos Linguísticos (UFMG).

Elisa Mattos, UFMG

Doutoranda e Mestra em Estudos Linguísticos (UFMG).

Citas

AARTS, B. Oxford Modern English Grammar. Oxford: OUP, 2011.

BAILEY, L. Because reasons. LinguistLaura. 12 jul. 2012. [blogue] Disponível em: https://linguistlaura.blogspot.com/2012/07/because-reasons.html. Acesso: 10 jul. 2018.

BARON, N. Alphabet to Email: How Written English Evolved and Where It’s Heading. Routledge: London, 2000.

BARON, N. Always On: Language in an Online and Mobile World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195313055.001.0001

BARON, N. Do mobile technologies reshape speaking, writing, or reading? Mobile Media & Communication, n. 1, v. 1, p. 134-140, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2050157912459739

BIBER, D. et al. Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Essex: Pearson Education Ltd, 1999.

BOHMANN, A. Language change because Twitter? Factors motivating innovative uses of because across English-speaking Twittersphere. In: SQUIRES, L. (ed.). English in Computer-Mediated Communication: Variation, Representation, and Change. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2016. p. 149-178. DOI https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110490817-008

BYBEE, J. Língua, uso e cognição. São Paulo: Editora Cortez, 2016.

CAREY, S. ‘Because’ has become a preposition, because grammar. Sentence First. 2013. [blogue] Disponível em: https://stancarey.wordpress.com/2013/11/13/because-has-become-a-preposition-because-grammar/. Acesso: 05 jun. 2018.

DAVIES, M. Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). 2020a. Disponível em https://corpus.byu.edu/coha/. Acesso: 05 jun. 2018.

DAVIES, M. Corpus of Historical American English (COHA). 2020b. Disponível em https://corpus.byu.edu/coha/. Acesso: 05 jun. 2018.

DAVIES, M. Samples from COCA. Word Frequency Data. 2020c. Disponível em https://www.wordfrequency.info/intro.asp. Acesso: 05 jun. 2018.

DE PAULA, T. F. [V1danar + (se) + (prep) + V2infinitivo] à luz da Gramática de Construções e da Gramática Cognitiva. Revista Virtual dos Estudantes de Letras, v. 9, p. 1-13, 2015. DOI https://doi.org/10.17851/2317-4242.9.0.1-13

DURKIN, S. Cambridge English Corpus available for academic use. Cambridge Language Sciences. Interdisciplinary Research Centre. Fev. 2019. Disponível em: https://www.languagesciences.cam.ac.uk/news/cambridge-english-corpus-available-academic-use. Acesso: 20 fev. 2021.

ELLIS, N. C. Usage-based theories of Construction Grammar: Triangulating corpus linguistics and psycholinguistics. In: BAKER, P.; EGBERT, J. (ed.) Using Corpus Methods to Triangulate Linguistic Analysis. Routledge, 2019, p. 239-267. DOI https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315112466-10

FILLMORE, C. J. et al. Regularity and idiomaticity in grammatical constructions: The case of let alone. Language, p. 501-538, 1988. DOI https://doi.org/10.2307/414531

GARBER, M. English has a new preposition, because Internet. The Atlantic. 2013. Disponível em: http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/11/english-has-a-new-preposition-because-internet/281601/. Acesso: 05 jun. 2018.

GOLDBERG, A. E. Constructions: A construction grammar approach to argument structure. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.

GRIES, S. What is Corpus Linguistics? Language and Linguistics Compass, v. 3, n. 5, p. 1225-1241, 2009. DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-818X.2009.00149.x

HARPER, D. Etymonline: the Online Etymology Dictionary. [website] Disponível em: https://www.etymonline.com/. Acesso: 05 jun. 2018.

HIROSE, Y. Direct and indirect speech as quotations of public and private expression. Lingua, v. 95, p. 223-238, 1995. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3841(94)00006-8

HIROSE, Y. Public and Private Self as Two Aspects of the Speaker: A Contrastive Study of Japanese and English. Journal of Pragmatics, v. 32, p. 1623-1656, 2000. DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(99)00111-3

HOAD, T. F. Oxford Concise Dictionary of English Etymology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.

HOLLMANN, W.; SIEWIERSKA, A. A construction grammar account of possessive constructions in Lancashire dialect: some advantages and challenges. English Language and Linguistics, v. 11, n. 2, p. 407, 2007. DOI https://doi.org/10.1017/S1360674307002304

HUGOU, V. The WHX construction (what the hell…?) and intensity. A corpus-based study. Lexis - Journal in English Lexicology, n. 10, 2017. DOI https://doi.org/10.4000/lexis.1103

JAKUBÍČEK; M.; KILGARRIFF, A.; KOVÁŘ; V.; RYCHLÝ, P.; SUCHOMEL, V. The TenTen corpus family. 7th International Corpus Linguistics Conference CL, 2013.

KANETANI, M. A Note on the Because X Construction: With Special Reference to the X-Element. Studies in language and literature, n. 70, p. 67-79, 2016.

KILGARRIFF, A. et al. The Sketch Engine: ten years on. Lexicography, v. 1, p. 7-36, 2014. DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s40607-014-0009-9

KONNO, H. The grammatical significance of private expression and its implications for the three-tier model of language use. English Linguistics, v. 32, p. 139-155, 2015. DOI https://doi.org/10.9793/elsj.32.1_139

LEECH, G. Corpora and theories of linguistic performance. Directions in corpus linguistics. In: SVARTVIK, J. (ed.) Proceedings of Nobel Symposium, n. 82. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1992. p. 105–22.

LEECH, G. Adding linguistic annotation. In WYNNE, M. (ed.) Developing linguistic corpora: a guide to good practice. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2005, p. 17–29. Disponível em: http://ahds.ac.uk/linguistic-corpora/.

LÉON, J. A Lingüística de Corpus: história, problemas, legitimidade. Filologia e Linguística Portuguesa. Universidade de São Paulo, n. 8, p. 51-81, 2006. Disponível em: https://www.revistas.usp.br/flp/article/view/59745/62854. DOI https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-9419.v0i8p51-81

LIBERMAN, M. Because NOUN. Language Log. 2012. [blogue] Disponível em: https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=4068. Acesso: 05 jun 2018.

McCARTHY, M.; CARTER R. Cambridge Grammar of English: A comprehensive guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

McCARTHY, M.; McCARTEN, J.; SANDIFORD, H. Touchstone. 1a ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

McCULLOCH, G. Because Reasons. All Things Linguistic, 2012. [blogue] Disponível em: https://allthingslinguistic.com/post/26522214342/because-reasons. Acesso: 02 dez. 2018.

McCULLOCH, G. Where “because noun” probably came from. 2013. [blogue] Disponível em: https://allthingslinguistic.com/post/67507311833/where-because-noun-probably-came-from. Acesso: 05 dez. 2018.

McCULLOCH, G. Because Internet: Understanding the New Rules of Language. New York: Penguin Random House, 2019.

McENERY, T.; HARDIE, A. Corpus linguistics: method, theory and practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. DOI https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511981395

McENERY, T.; XIAO, R.; TONO; Y. Corpus‐based language studies: an advanced resource book. London, New York: Routledge, 2006.

McWHORTER, J. Like, degrading the language? No way. New York Times, 2014. Disponível em http://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/06/opinion/sunday/like-degrading-the-language-no-way.html?_r=0. Acesso: 15 dez. 2020.

MENDES JUNIOR, W. A. Indícios de gramaticalização do item because: a mudança na língua inglesa. In: COELHO, S. M. (org.) Gramaticalização e mudança linguística. Belo Horizonte: FALE/UFMG, 2018, p. 171-189.

MEYER, C. F. English corpus linguistics: An introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. DOI https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511606311

MOOSBACH, D. Because. WordSense.eu Dictionary. 2020. [website] Disponível em: https://www.wordsense.eu/because/. Acesso: 15 dez. 2020.

NIELSEN, A. P.; NIELSEN, D. L. F. The Language of Humor: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.

OREMUS, W. Why Was Twitter Down? According to Twitter, It Was Because “Reason”. Slate. 2012. Disponível em: https://slate.com/technology/2012/07/twitter-down-error-message-says-twitter-is-down-for-reason-will-be-back-up-in-deadline.html.

PULLUM, G. Because syntax. Language Log. 2014. [blogue] Disponível em: http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=9494. Acesso: 05 jun. 2018.

QUIRK, R.; GREENBAUM, S.; LEECH G.; SVARTVIK, J. A Comprehensive grammar of the English language. New York: Longman, 1985.

REHN, A. Because Meaning: Language Change through Iconicity in Internet Speak. SURF Conference Proceedings. California, 2014.

ROSS, A. The Language of Humor. London, New York: Routledge, 1998.

SILVA, G. M.; PAIVA, M. A visão de conjunto das variáveis sociais. In: OLIVEIRA, G. M.; SCHERRE, M. M. P. (org.) Padrões Sociolingüísticos. Rio de Janeiro, Tempo Brasileiro, 1996.

SINCLAIR, J. Corpus and text-basic principles. In: WYNNE, M. (ed.) Developing linguistic corpora: A guide to good practice. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2005, p. 1-16.

TAYLOR, C. What is corpus linguistics? What the data says. ICAME Journal, n. 32, p. 179–200, 2008. Disponível em: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/53389/.

TURNBULL, J. et al. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. International Student Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.

WHITMAN, N. Because as a Preposition. QDT: Quick and Dirty Tips, 18 out. 2013. Disponível em: https://www.quickanddirtytips.com/education/grammar/because-as-a-preposition?page=1. Acesso: 05 jan. 2019.

YILMAZ, S.; RÖMER, U. A corpus-based exploration of constructions in written academic English as a lingua franca. Advances in Corpus-based Research on Academic Writing: Effects of discipline, register, and writer expertise, v. 95, p. 59, 2020. DOI https://doi.org/10.1075/scl.95.03yil

Publicado

2021-12-21

Cómo citar

MENDES JUNIOR, W. A.; MATTOS, E. Because X sob a perspectiva da Gramática de Construções: uma análise baseada em corpus. Domínios de Lingu@gem, Uberlândia, v. 15, n. 4, p. 979–1021, 2021. DOI: 10.14393/DL48-v15n4a2021-4. Disponível em: https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/dominiosdelinguagem/article/view/58719. Acesso em: 27 jul. 2024.

Artículos similares

1 2 3 > >> 

También puede {advancedSearchLink} para este artículo.