From Sacrificial Lamb to Divine Avenger
Study and Commented Translation of Triumphus Christi Heroicus by Johannes Spangenberg
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14393/LL63-v40-2024-63Keywords:
Jesus Christ, Greco-Roman mythology, Katabasis, Commented translationAbstract
This article proposes a study and a translation of the poem Triumphus Christi Heroicus, written in Latin by Johannes Spangenberg (1448-1550). The poem presents an imaginative narrative about Jesus’ catabasis after his death, a descent that is only hinted at in the canonical text of the New Testament, and mixes elements which are characteristic of Greco-Latin myths with the traditional Christian narrative. In this analysis, we discuss the reception of Greek myths within the context of Christianity, the parallels between the narratives of Jesus and figures of Greco-Roman ethnic belief (especially the hero Heracles), as well as the use of pagan myths in the context of Protestant Reformation, of which Spangenberg was a part. For purposes of comparison, an edition of the Latin text is also proposed, obtained through the collation of the editions by Spangenberg (1539), Migne (1846) and Vredeveld (2012), before our translation into Portuguese.Downloads
References
APOLLODORUS. The library. v. 1. Londres/Nova Iorque: Heinemann/Putnam’s Sons, 1921.
BENJAMIN, Walter. A tarefa do tradutor. Tradução de João Barrento. In: BENJAMIN, Walter. A tarefa do tradutor, de Walter Benjamin: quatro traduções para o português. Belo Horizonte: Fale/UFMG, 2008. p. 82-98.
BÍBLIA SAGRADA. Tradução de João Ferreira de Almeida (edição corrigida e revisada fiel ao texto original). São Paulo: Sociedade Bíblica Trinitariana do Brasil, 2009.
CALIFF, David J. A Guide to Latin Meter and Verse Composition. London: Anthem Press, 2002.
CHARLESWORTH, J. H. Exploring the Origins of the descensus ad inferos. In: AVERY-PECK, Alan J.; EVANS, Craig A.; NEUSNER, Jacob (ed.). Earliest Christianity within the Boundaries of Judaism: Essays in Honor of Bruce Chilton. Leiden / Boston: Brill, 2016. p. 372. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004310339_021
CICERO, Marcus Tullius. De natura deorum. v. 2. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1958.
CONWAY, Colleen M. Behold the Man: Jesus and Greco-Roman Masculinity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195325324.001.0001
ELIADE, Mircea. Myth and reality. Tradução de Willard R. Trask. Harper and Row: Nova Iorque, 1963.
ELLIOTT, J. K. The Apocryphal New Testament: A Collection of Apocryphal Christian Literature in an English Translation. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198261829.001.0001
FORNARI, Giuseppe. Dionysus, Christ, and the Death of God. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2020. v. 1. https://doi.org/10.14321/j.ctv193rr17
GAFFIOT, Félix. Dictionnaire Latin Français: Nouvelle édition revue et augmentée. [S.l.]: Gérard Gréco, 2016. Disponível em: http://gerardgreco.free.fr/IMG/pdf/Gaffiot_2016_-_komarov.pdf. Acesso em: 28 dez. 2024.
HALL, J. B.; RITCHIE, A. L.; EDWARDS, M. J. (ed.). P. Ovidius Naso, Heroides 1 to 8: Readings and conjectures compiled by J. B. Hall in collaboration with † A. L. Ritchie and M. J. Edwards. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2023. 376 p. Disponível em: https://www.google.com.br/books/edition/P_Ovidius_Naso_Heroides_1_to_8/N9riEAAAQBAJ?hl=pt-BR&gbpv=1&pg=PP1&printsec=frontcover. Acesso em: 23 dez. 2024.
HYGINUS. Fabulae. Bibliotheca Teubneriana. 2. ed. Mônaco/Lípsia: Saur, 2002.
INOWLOCKI, Sabrina. Eusebius of Caesarea's Interpretatio Christiana of Philo's De vita contemplativa. Harvard Theological Review, [s.l.], v. 97, n. 3, p. 305-328, jul. 2004. Cambridge University Press (CUP). https://doi.org/10.1017/S0017816004000720
IZYDORCZYK, Zbigniew et al. (ed.). The Medieval Gospel of Nicodemus: Texts, Intertexts, and Contexts in Western Europe. Tempe: Medieval & Renaissance Texts & Studies, 1997. v. 158.
LÉVI-STRAUSS, Claude. Structural Anthropology. New York: Basic Books, 1963.
LIDDELL, Henry George; SCOTT, Robert. A Greek-English Lexicon. 9. ed. com suplemento. Oxônia: Clarendon press, 1996.
MIGNE, J Jacquespaul. (ed.). Quarti Saeculi Poetarum Christianorum: Juvenci, Sedulii, Optatiani, Severi et Faltoniae Probae Opera Omnia [...]. Parisiis: Petit-Montrouge, 1846.
MOLES, John. Jesus and Dionysus in "The Acts Of The Apostles" in early Christianity. Hermathena, Dublin, n. 180, p. 65-104, 2006.
NAGY, Gregory. The Ancient Greek Hero in 24 Hours. 2. ed. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2d8qwnk
NUNES, Carlos Alberto. Os Brasileidas: epopéia nacional em nove cantos e um epílogo. São Paulo: Edições Melhoramentos, 1962. Precedida de um "Ensaio sobre a poesia épica".
ONNEKINK, David. Introduction: The ‘Dark Alliance’ between Religion and War. In: ONNEKINK, David et al. (ed.). War and Religion after Westphalia, 1648-1713. Leiden/Boston: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2009. p. 1-15.
ORDEM dos Frades Menores. Saudação do Ministro Provincial por ocasião da Festa de São Francisco de Assis. In: ORDEM dos Frades Menores. franciscano.org.br. Brasília: Cúria Provincial Franciscanos Conventuais, 2022. Disponível em: https://franciscano.org.br/comunicacoes/noticias/item/1088-saudacao-do-ministro-provincial-por-ocasiao-da-festa-de-sao-francisco-de-assis. Acesso em: 23 dez. 2024.
PÀMIAS, Jordi. The reception of Greek myth. In: EDMUNDS, Lowell (ed.). Approaches to Greek Myth. 2. ed. Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore, 2014.
RIESE, Alexander (ed.). M. Terenti Varronis Saturarum Menippearum reliquiae: recensuit, prolegomena scripsit, appendicem adiecit Alexander Riese. Lipsiae: Typis B. G. Teubneri, 1865. Disponível em: https://www.google.com.br/books/edition/ M_Terenti_Varronis_Saturarum_Menippearum/LjS34fEGK3oC?hl=pt-BR&gbpv=1&dq=tinexerat&pg=PP1&printsec=frontcover. Acesso em: 23 dez. 2024.
SANTA SÉ, A. Symbolum fidei. In: SANTA SÉ, A. vatican.va. Cidade do Vaticano: Dicastério para a Comunicação, 1992. Disponível em: https://www.vatican.va/archive/catechism_lt/p1s1c3a2_lt.htm. Acesso em: 23 dez. 2024.
SMELIK, Klaas A. D. Moloch, Molekh or Molk-Sacrifice?: A Reassessment of the Evidence Concerning the Hebrew Term Molekh. Scandinavian Journal of the Old Testament: An International Journal of Nordic Theology, [s.l.], v. 9, ed. 1, p. 133-142, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1080/09018329508585062
SPANGENBERG, Johannes. Evangelia Dominicalia: in Versiculos Extemporaliter Versa. [...]. Vitebergae: Apud Georgium Rhau., 1539.
UNIVERSITAS BEROLINENSIS; UNIVERSITAS GOTTINGENSIS; UNIVERSITAS LIPSIENSIS; UNIVERSITAS MONACENSIS; UNIVERSITAS VINDOBONENSIS. Thesaurus Linguae Latinae: editus auctoritate et consilio academiarum quinque germanicarum. Lipsiae: In aedibus B. G. Teubneri, 1909-1934. v. V. Disponível em: https://publikationen.badw.de/en/000924308/pdf/CC%20BY-NC-ND/ThLL%20vol.%2005%2C1%20col.%201103%E2%80%931812%20%28diffindentia%E2%80%93dogarius%29. Acesso em: 23 dez. 2024.
VAN AARDE, A. G. Jesus and Perseus Against the Background of Common Greco-Roman Thinking. Acta Patristica Et Byzantina, [s.l.], v. 11, n. 1, p. 177-196, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1080/10226486.2000.12016662
VREDEVELD, Harry. The Poetic Works of Helius Eobanus Hessus: King of Poets, 1514-1517. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2012. v. 3. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004228955
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Marcos Tindo, Jerfferson Manoel Araújo da Silva Júnior (Autor)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The authors retain author's rights but grant the journal the right of firsth publication. The works are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License, which allows sharing provided that the authors and this journal are properly ackonwledged.
How to Cite
