Between automation and job insecurity: human development under pressure from artificial intelligence

Abstract

This article analyzes the tensions between automation and the precariousness of work in contemporary capitalism, considering artificial intelligence as an expression of the contradictions of capital. From a Marxist perspective, we discuss how artificial intelligence reinforces labor exploitation and alienation, whether by replacing jobs or by intensifying productivity through the extraction of relative surplus value. In education, its adoption is driven by global policies that promote the platformization and financialization of education through the fetishization of technology, deepening structural inequalities. Artificial intelligence, as a historical product of the social relations of production, does not overcome the contradictions of capital, but rather radicalizes them. We conclude that the counter-hegemonic appropriation of this and all technologies requires the political organization of the working class, linking technology to projects of socialization of the means of production.