Ecosystem Services and Irrigated Agriculture in the Rodeador Creek Watershed, Federal District
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Abstract
During the water crisis faced by the Federal District in 2016/2017, the discussions about the conflicts of water usage, revealed the lack of information from the government about the situation of the watersheds used as water sources for public water supply. This study aims to evaluate the ecosystem service offering of food provision, to estimate the water consumption by irrigated agriculture, and to analyze water consumption in different scenarios considering the replacement of irrigation systems in the Rodeador Creek watershed, an important region of oleraceous and fruit production in the Federal District. To quantify the food provision, data was obtained from the average agricultural productivity and the cultivated area acquired by making a map for the use and coverage of the watershed utilizing visual classification and manual vectorization. The estimate water consumption by irrigation was calculated with data from a mapped irrigated area and the average water consumption from irrigation systems. Three scenarios were produced considering the replacement of conventional sprinkler irrigation systems with localized irrigation systems. The food supply in the watershed was quantified in 43,039 t/year, using 1,683 ha. The water consumption in irrigation was estimated at 891 L/s, with 1,470 ha irrigated. The increase of 20% in localized irrigation provides a savings of 9.3% in the consumption of water. The increase of 40% in localized irrigation provides a savings of 18.7% and the increase of 60% in localized irrigation provides a saving of 28.1% in water consumption in irrigation.
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