Clinical and demographic characteristics of intestinal stoma patients assisted by orthotics and prosthesis grant program of the clinical hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil

Abstract

With the increase of world's population life expectancies and quality of life, the incidence of cancer ranks second as cause of deaths in Brazil, becoming a public health problem. In cases of colon and rectum cancer, most patients are submitted to surgery, many end up by needing some type of ostomy. This is a retrospective, descriptive, exploratory and quantitative research aiming to characterize demographic and clinical users from the Orthotics and Prosthesis Grant Program of the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia - CH - FUU, Brazil. Intestinal stoma people who were assisted by this program since its implementation until 2010. The technique used was medical records gathering. Population consisted of 1146 individuals. Demographic data analysis results: age average of users 55.77 years old, while among females the average age was 58.25 years old; in males, it was 53.36 years old. Males frequency over females, corresponds to 51.22% of population; most users were married (52.63%); prevailed white ethnicity (72.32%); retired were the occupations in both situations, before and after the stoma, accounting for 78.9% and 33.67% of the samples for these variables, respectively. The majority (81.31%) of users were from Uberlandia Health Region center; 85.95% of users were referred by Unified Health System - UHS or served directly to CH - FUU. Cancer is the most prevalent diagnosis, responsible for the indication of intestinal stoma, making up 45.03%. 1.146 users assisted by the program in the period analyzed, 425 (40.21%) died, 387 (36.61%) underwent reconstruction of intestinal transit, 190 (17.98%) remained active in the treatment up to the limit of the reporting period and 55 (5.22%) hung up the program by city transfer reason, treatment withdrawal or other unknown reasons. The vast majority of stomas, represented by 95% of the samples are colostomies type. Regarding permanence of intestinal ostomy character, we found that 76% were temporary. Among complications in stoma, prevails peristomal dermatitis (29.4%). This study presents results of clinical and epidemiological relevance to basement in the formulation of public policies, prevention campaigns, treatment and adoption of effective multidisciplinary health care for the ostomy patient.