O Filósofo e a Religião ou “entre Jerusalém e Atenas”: Leo Strauss e o Problema Teológico-Político
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14393/REPRIM-v8n15a2023-68080Palavras-chave:
Leo Strauss, Problema Teológic-Político, Jerusalém e Atenas, FideísmoResumo
Resumo: O tema da religião possui lugar central no pensamento de Leo Strauss, de fato, um dos aspectos mais importantes de sua crítica da modernidade passa pela forma que a religião é tratada pelos “filósofos das luzes”. Nesse estudo, apresento o caráter cético da crítica straussiana em relação à pretensão racionalista de substituir a fé religiosa pelo primado da razão teórica. Com isso, pretendo mostrar que para Strauss, é a manutenção da tensão entre fé e razão ou “o conflito entre Jerusalém e Atenas”, que torna possível a existência de modos de vida diferentes, como resultado de disposições distintas do espírito humano, o que revela o caráter profundamente fideísta de sua crítica.
Palavras-chave: Leo Strauss; Problema Teológico-Político; Jerusalém a Atenas; Fideísmo
The Philosopher and Religion or “Between Jerusalem and Athens”: Leo Strauss and the Theological-Political Problem
Abstract: The theme of religion has a central place in the thought of Leo Strauss, in fact, one of the most important aspects of his critique of modernity is the way in which religion is treated by the “philosophers of the Enlightenment”. In this paper, I present the skeptical character of the Straussian critique in relation to the rationalist intention of substituting religious faith for the primacy of theoretical reason. With this, I intend to show that for Strauss, it is the maintenance of the tension between faith and reason or “the conflict between Jerusalem and Athens”, which makes possible the existence of different ways of life, as a result of different dispositions of the human spirit, which reveals the profoundly fideistic character of his criticism.
Keywords: Leo Strauss; Theological-Political Problem; Jerusalem and Athens; Fideism
Data de registro: 13/01/2023
Data de aceite: 06/09/2023
Downloads
Referências
ARENDT, H.; JASPERS, K. Correspondence, 1926-1969, edited by Lotte Kohler and Flans Saner: translated from the German by Robert and Rita Kimber.—1st U.S. ed. Harcoust Brace & Company, 1992.
FEUERBACH, L. A Essência do Cristianismo. Tradução e notas de José Silva Brandão. Petropolis, RJ: Vozes, 2007.
FRANÇOIS, C. JANSSENS D. et YOMTOMV Y. Leo Strauss – À quoi sert la philosophie politique? Débates Philosophiques - Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2014.
MOREAU, Pierre-François. Os princípios de leitura das Sagradas Escrituras no Tratado Teológico-Político. In: Cadenos Espinosanos IV, 1998.
MULLER, J. Leo Strauss: The Political philosopher as a Young Zionist, Jewish Social Studies; History, Culture, Society, n.s 17, no. 1, 2010, pp. 88-115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2979/jewisocistud.17.1.88.
NOVAK, D. Leo Strauss and Judaism. Jerusalem and Athens Critically Revisited. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1996.
OLIVEIRA, R.R. Leo Strauss, A Filosofia e o Problema Teológico-Político, In. CARSOSO, D. (Org.) Pensadores do Século XX, 2º Ed. São Paulo: Edições Loyola: Paulus. 2013.
SHESTOV, L. (1966) [1938] Athens and Jerusalem. Translated by Bernard Martin. Ohio: Ohio University Press.
SMITH, S. “Gershom Scholem and Leo Strauss: Notes toward a German-Jewish Dialogue.” Modern Judaism, vol. 13, no. 3, 1993, pp. 209–229. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mj/13.3.209.
SMITH, S. Leo Strauss’s discovery of the theologico-political problem, Vol 12, Issue 4, 2013, pp. 388-408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1474885112469606.
STRAUSS, L. An Introduction to Political Philosophy: Ten essays by Leo Strauss. [Ed. Hilail Gildin]. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1989.
STRAUSS, L. Gesammelte Schriften, vol. 3, ed. H./W. Meier, Metzler, Stuttgart/Weimar, 1996.
STRAUSS, L. Jewish Philosophy and the Crisis of Modernity, State University of New York Press, Albany, 1997.
STRAUSS, L. Liberalism Ancient and Modern. Foreword by Allan Bloom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press Edition 1995.
STRAUSS, L. Natural Right and History. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1971 (1953).
STRAUSS, L. Notes on Concept of the political, In. SCHMITT, C. The Concept of the Political. Translated by J. Harvey Lomax, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2007, pp. 97-122.
STRAUSS, L. “On the Interpretation of Genesis”, L'Homme, tome 21 (1981). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3406/hom.1981.368159.
STRAUSS, L. Persecution and The Art of Writing. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1988 (1952). DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226227887.001.0001.
STRAUSS, L. Philosophy and Law: Contributions to the understanding of Maimonides and His Predecessors. State University of New York Press, 1995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/book10769.
STRAUSS, L. Reason and Revelation, In. MEIER, H. Strauss and the Theologico-Political Problem. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
STRAUSS, L. Spinoza’s Critique of Religion. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997.
STRAUSS, L. Studies in Platonic Political Philosophy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226193878.001.0001.
STRAUSS, L. The City and Man. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1992 (1964).
STRAUSS, L. The early writings (1921-1932), translated and edited by Michael Zank. State University of New York, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/book10161.
STRAUSS, L. What is Political Philosophy? And Other Studies. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1988 (1959).
STRAUSS, L. The Mutual Influence of Theology and Philosophy, Vol. III, 1979.
TANGUAY, D. Leo Strauss: an intellectual biography. Translated from the French by Christopher Nadon. First English Edition, by Yale University, 2007.
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2024 Elvis de Oliveira Mendes
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
