RAINFALL ANOMALY INDEX AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH THE EL NIÑO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION (ENSO) IN RIO BRANCO (AC), BRAZIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14393/RCG259970556Keywords:
Statistical parameters, Climate variability, Western Amazon, PrecipitationAbstract
Among the meteorological variables, rain is most important for maintaining life on Earth, but its constant lack has altered the climate of several regions and caused great damage to society. The objective of this study is to assess the occurrence of anomalous rainfall episodes associated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases in the municipality of Rio Branco (AC), employing the Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) and Oceanic Niño Index (ONI). The RAI index evidenced that 29.3% of the years experienced mild drought, 14.63% exhibited moderate drought, and 12.2% encountered severe drought. Episodes of low drought intensity were observed in 21.9% of the years, while episodes of moderate drought occurred in 12.2%. Episodes with high or extremely high drought intensity showed equal percentages of 4.9% of the years, correlating with the ONI. The performance of interactions (RAI versus ENSO), as assessed through statistical parameters (R-squared, correlation coefficient, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, interval coverage, percent bias, and root-mean-square error), indicates a low performance of the regression models. These findings suggest that climatic variability has significantly impacted the region's hydrology, necessitating appropriate measures to manage the impacts of changes in water resource availability.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Givanildo de Gois, Paulo Miguel de Bodas Terassi, José Genivaldo do Vale Moreira, Josimar da Silva Freitas, Bruno Serafini Sobral, Marcelo Alves Muniz, Djailson Silva da Costa Júnior, Indira Sueline Silva Aleluia, Mario Henrique Guilherme dos Santos Vanderlei, Geraldo de Carvalho Neto
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