Porque devemos desconfiar da intuição repugnante
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14393/REPRIM-v6n12a2021-63046Keywords:
Ética Populacional, Conclusão Repugnante, Ceticismo, Ceticismo ModalAbstract
Resumo: A Conclusão Repugnante é a afirmação, proposta por Derek Parfit (1984, p. 388), de que uma população de pelo menos 10 bilhões de pessoas vivendo vidas muito boas é, se todas as outras coisas forem iguais, pior do que uma população suficientemente maior de pessoas vivendo vidas muito ruins. Neste artigo, pretendo mostrar porque devemos desconfiar da intuição, que muitos de nós temos, de que a Conclusão Repugnante é obviamente falsa. Primeiro, seguindo por um lado Broome (2004) e por outro Gustafsson (no prelo), defendo que devemos desconfiar dessa intuição “repugnante” porque ela exige que imaginemos quantidades extraordinariamente grandes de números e, por consequência, nós as imaginamos de maneira inexata. Depois, objeto duas maneiras de se argumentar contra este ceticismo sobre a veracidade de intuições que exigem imaginarmos quantidades numéricas extraordinariamente grandes, uma proposta por Temkin (2012) e outra por Pummer (2013). Por fim, como a solidez de ambas as maneiras de argumentar depende de que sejamos capazes de decidir a verdade aparente de proposições modais que, seguindo o ceticismo modal de Inwagen (1998), não conseguimos decidir, pois afirmam a possibilidade metafísica de entes extraordinários existirem, concluo que devemos manter nossa desconfiança sobre a intuição repugnante.
Palavras-chave: Ética Populacional; Conclusão Repugnante; Ceticismo; Ceticismo Modal.
Why we should distrust the repugnant intuition
Abstract: The Repugnant Conclusion is the claim, proposed by Derek Parfit (1984, p. 388), that a population of at least 10 billion people living very good lives is, if other things are equal, worse than a sufficiently large population of people living very bad lives. In this article, I aim to show why we should distrust the intuition we might have that the Repugnant Conclusion is obviously false. First, following Broome (2004) in a way and Gustfasson (forthcoming) in another, I argue that we should distrust this “repugnant” intuition because it demands that we imagine extraordinarily large quantities and, by consequence, we imagine them inexactly. Afterward, I object against two modes of arguing against this skepticism about the veracity of intuitions which demands that we imagine extraordinarily large quantities of numbers, one proposed by Temkin (2012) and the other by Pummer (2013). Finally, since the soundness of both modes depends on wether we are capable of deciding the truth of modal propositions that, following the modal skepticism of Inwagen (1998), we cannot decide, for they state that it’s metaphysically possible that extraordinary beings exist, I conclude that we should maintain our distrust towards the repugant conclusion.
Keywords: Population Ethics; Repugnant Conclusion; Skepticism; Modal Skepticism.
Data de registro: 31/08/2021
Data de aceite: 25/11/2021
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