GRANDES PROJETOS AGRO-MINERO-EXPORTADORES NA INSERÇÃO DA SILVICULTURA DO EUCALIPTO NA AMAZÔNIA MARANHENSE

Abstract

The expansion of the eucalyptus culture in the state of Maranhão, specialy in the Amazon portion, is the result of process that was initiated in the years 1980 and shows a pattern to reproduce the capital based in border economy. The goal of this article is to understand how the insertion and increase process of the farming of the forestry of eucalyptus in the Amazon region of the state. To achieve this goal, we revive the main events of this process since 1980 until the present days, presenting pictures and maps about the eucalyptus planting area and charts about the production of charcoal and eucalyptus wood, extension of the plantation area and state export of commodities, including cellulose pulp. The data collected are based in field research and secondary sources, as the Brazilian industry of forestry, Geography and statistics Brazilian institute, and Maranhense company of harbor administration. The outcome suggests that the eucalyptus forestry borders are not only self-movements but legacy of big agro-miner-export projects deployed in the region since the years 1980, which made possible the constitution of the cultivation which now is consolidated as the big project of paper and cellulose Suzano.