ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS IN THE SUGAR-ENERGY TERRITORIES OF PONTAL DO PARANAPANEMA (SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL): IMPACTS OF AERIAL PESTICIDE SPRAYING ON A SMALLHOLDER PROPERTY IN PIRAPOZINHO

Abstract

Biomethane produced by the sugarcane sector has been identified as a strategic biofuel for use in mitigating climate imbalances. However, the production of biomethane occurs in a sector that generates environmental impacts and conflicts. This study analyzes the contradictions in adopting biomethane as a sustainable fuel by investigating of Pontal do Paranapanema, São Paulo. Grounded in political ecology and focused on the concept of environmental conflict, this study investigates the case of a family engaged in sericulture in the municipality of Pirapozinho, who have been affected by aerial pesticide spraying over sugarcane fields managed by Cocal Energia. In addition to a literature review and documentary research, a semi-structured interview was conducted with the family. The findings indicate that, although biomethane limits sugarcane waste and serves as a bridge fuel for the energy transition, the sugarcane sector continues to engage in predatory practices. The family reported systematic contamination of their production and negligence by local authorities, Cocal Energia, and the judiciary. This case illustrates the clash of interests and the imbalance of power between sericulture farmers and the company, in a scenario where megaprojects prioritize large-scale production under the rhetoric of sustainability, while perpetuating environmental degradation and conflict within the territory.