LANDSCAPE, RIVERS AND COMMUNITIES: PATHS OF THE CARVÃO AND MAIOR RIVERS, URUSSANGA, STATE OF SANTA CATARINA

Abstract

The study aimed to analyze the landscapes of communities located in the Carvão and Maior river basins from a historical-cultural perspective. These communities share a common historical foundation, beginning in the late 19th century with Italian colonization, which left distinct marks on the landscape. With the development of economic activities, a new element emerged in the local life and environment: coal mining, which significantly impacted both basins. While part of the lands in the Carvão river basin were exploited for mineral coal extraction, the Maior river basin was not affected by this activity. This sociocultural change resulted in a rupture in the landscape, leaving a strong trace of environmental degradation. The recovery of areas with environmental liabilities is a shared concern among the residents of both river basins. Regarding elements that preserve the memory of the landscapes, the research identified material and immaterial testimonies that should be considered as heritage to be preserved. Preserved buildings, others abandoned, religious celebrations, and stories passed down through generations make up and characterize the landscape of the communities studied.