Tikhomirov's Reorganization Theory and Its Application in Basic Education: Computers as Instruments of Thought Mediation

Abstract

In this article, we discuss the reorganization of the teacher's didactic work in the context of the use of digital technologies, with an emphasis on computers, in light of the assumptions of Tikhomirov's Reorganization Theory and Historical-Cultural Theory. This theoretical, bibliographical research, with a historical-dialectical materialist approach, aims to problematize the discussion regarding teaching and learning in schools, particularly concerning the use of computers, based on the Didactic Reorganization Theory, specifically the human-computer relationship. To this end, we seek to understand how the computer, as an instrument of cultural mediation, reorganizes cognitive activity and acts as a resource that fosters the development of theoretical thought, contributing to the advancement of higher psychic functions—memory, attention, and conceptual thinking—essential for the appropriation of scientific concepts. Finally, we conclude that its use, when integrated into an organization of didactic work grounded in historical-cultural assumptions, in which the role of the teacher is that of an organizing agent of knowledge in the teaching and learning processes, strengthens teaching practice and contributes to the development of students' theoretical thinking.