Piotr Galperin’s Contributions to Historical-Cultural Psychology and consequences for Education: an integrative review
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Abstract
Brazilian education has faced obstacles of a diverse nature, from socioeconomic issues to structural and methodological issues. In these circumstances, it is essential to advance in the dialogues between Education’s theory and practice and, consequently, to make progress in proposing solutions to the main dilemmas. In the midst of this challenge, this article aimed to present the Theory of Step-by-Step Formation of Mental Actions and Concepts, developed by Galperin, based on contributions by Vigotski and Leontiev. Galperin joined the Soviet School of Psychology and developed a theory that consists of a methodological approach to the process of internalizing formal concepts. It provides for the dialectical transformation of external actions into internal ones, underlining the importance of mediation of the guiding activity in the teaching-learning process. The main ideas formulated by Galperin are presented, the criticisms they have received, as well as the contributions to the domains of psychology and education. Among these, the active dimension that the student assumes in the learning process will be highlighted, expanding his formal concepts and engaging in the creation of knowledge, learning to learn, thus preparing himself for the changes and uncertainties that characterize the XXI century.
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