Organization of children’s learning activity in school: essential concepts and methodological principles

Abstract

This article aims to comprehend the concepts and methodological principles needed by research teachers from the early years of Elementary School in the organization of children's learning activity. Through a bibliographic review on the conditions that favor child psychic development, considering Vigotski's genetic research methodology and the theories of activity and learning activity, it points out a set of theoretical and methodological contributions necessary for the organization of learning activity of children in the school context. Eventually, it considers that the involvement of children in developmental learning activities since the first year of Elementary School provides the necessary conditions for the formation and development of theoretical thinking and a personality capable of thinking, planning, judging and making decisions autonomously, that is, to create and solve new learning situations. Thus, it defends that the formation of theoretical thinking and learning behavior favors the humanization of children and constitutes a tool to fight against the exploitation of men by men.