As críticas de Descartes à filosofia escolástica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14393/REPRIM.issn.2526-2106.v2n3a2017-03Keywords:
Forma substantical, Res extensa, Res cogitans, Teoria da percepção, RacionalismoAbstract
* Graduando em filosofia na Universidade de Brasília (UnB). E-mail: william.unb@hotmail.com
As críticas de Descartes à filosofia escolástica
Resumo: Desde seu tempo, quando ainda era vivo, Descartes é reconhecido como um filósofo anti-escolástico. Com efeito, ele defendeu muitas opiniões que iam de encontro ao pensamento escolástico tradicionalmente estabelecido.O mais famoso alvo de seus ataques era a concepção de forma substancial, a noção central da filosofia natural escolástica. A crítica cartesiana das formas substanciais é, por um lado, o ponto de partida de todas as outras críticas de Descartes à escolástica e, por outro, a base na qual e a partir da qual ele construirá seu próprio sistema de filosofia. Talvez, paradoxalmente, a parte menos evidente e mais notável do pensamento de Descartes, que é também um resultado de sua negação da filosofia escolástica, é a chamada ‘virada epistemológica’. Assim, o objetivo desse artigo é esclarecer como Descartes chegou a esse inesperado resultado.
Palavras-chave: Forma substantical; Res extensa; Res cogitans; Teoria da percepção; Racionalismo.
Descartes’ critiques of scholastic philosophy
Abstract: Since Descates was alive, he was known as an antischolastic philosopher. He defended many opinions that went directly against the tradionally stablished scholastic thought. The most famous target of his attacks was the concept of substantial form that was the central point of the natural scholastic philosophy. The cartesian critic of the substantial forms was, in one way, the starting point of every other critics of Descartes to the scholastic and, in another way, the basis in which he will build his own philosophical system. Maybe, paradoxically, the less evident part and most notable of Descartes’ thought, which is also a result of his negation of the scholastic philosophy, is called ‘epistemological turn’. This means that the objective of this article is to explain how Descartes achieved that unexpected result.
Keywords: substantial form; Res extensa; Res cogitans; Perception Theory; Rationalism.
Data de registro: 31/10/2017
Data de aceite: 22/11/2017
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