Idéalisme, pragmatisme et la naissance de la pensée éducative pragmatiste en Amérique
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Cet article trace certaines des contributions historiques ainsi que les principales contributions philosophiques à la période de transition dans la pensée éducative en Amérique de 1866 à 1895. Cette période verra une transition de l’idéalisme vers le pragmatisme en tant que base de la pensée éducative. Parallèlement au développement du pragmatisme fut celui de la pensée éducative mettant l’accent sur le naturalisme, le fonctionnalisme et la nature organique de l’esprit et du comportement. Tout comme l’idéalisme revendiqua la philosophie dominante en Amérique durant la période 1866–1895, il revendiqua également être le présupposé philosophique dominant de la pensée éducative. Ce fut la première philosophie de l’éducation américaine, philosophie non pas pragmatique mais plutôt idéaliste, bien que cela allait changer vers le milieu des années 1890. À mesure que le pragmatisme commença à s’emparer de la philosophie à la fin du siècle, il commença également à s’emparer, et plus tard dominerait, les présupposés philosophiques de la pensée éducative.
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