Educação pré-escolar vygotskiana: promovendo o desenvolvimento da autorregulação e do pensamento simbólico em crianças pré-escolares
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Abstract
O Programa de Educação Pré-Escolar Vygotskiano (PEPEV) é construído em torno da mediação no contexto de atividades específicas da idade pré-escolar, como brincadeiras de papeis sociais, brincadeiras construtivas, ouvir e recontar contos de fadas, brincar de casinha de bonecas, atividades motoras e outras. Usamos o PEPEV como parte do currículo diário em duas turmas de pré-escola na escola pública 197 no Harlem, Nova York, para promover o desenvolvimento da autorregulação e do pensamento simbólico das crianças. Outra classe de pré-escola na escola pública 197 foi usada como grupo controle. Para pré-testes e pós-testes, foram administrados os subtestes. Codificação e Busca de Símbolos da Escala de Inteligência Wechsler para a Pré-Escola e Ensino Fundamental, que visam verificar a capacidade de autorregulação da criança, e o subteste Desenho de Blocos da mesma escala, que visa a verificar a capacidade de exercitar o pensamento simbólico. Os resultados do estudo demonstram que o PEPEV promove o desenvolvimento da autorregulação dos pré-escolares e é benéfico para o desenvolvimento de seu pensamento simbólico.
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