L’éducation en pratique d’après Ivan Illich : des projets éducatifs contre-culturels des années 1970 à la pédagogie autochtone décoloniale des années 1990
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Ivan Illich a publié Deschooling Society (Déscolariser la société, traduit sous le titre Une société sans école) en 1971. Dans cet article, nous examinons des projets et des mouvements éducatifs fondés soit sur une vision contre-culturelle, soit sur des propositions pédagogiques autochtones. Les questions centrales de notre article sont les suivantes: Comment ces projets interprètent-ils Illich dans leur contexte spécifique ? Quelles furent les intentions de ceux qui se sont inspirés des idées d’Illich ? Dans un premier temps, nous examinons deux endroits qui ont été impliqués avec des notions de contre-culture : le CIDOC (le centre interculturel de documentation) à Cuernavaca (au Mexique) et The Learning Exchange, situé à Evanston (à Chicago). Nous examinons ensuite l’influence d’Illich sur John Holt, qui a dirigé le mouvement de longue date de l’enseignement à domicile à partir de 1977, et sur l’oeuvre de Lee Felsenstein, qui a présenté les idées d’Illich au Homebrew Computer Club en 1975. Nous terminons par une étude des fondements sous-jacentes de « L’Université de la Terre ».
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