From the crisis of developmentalism to the hegemony of neoliberalism in Brazilian economic policy (1980-2020)

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14393/REE-v40nesp.maioa2025-78371

Keywords:

Economic policy, developmentalism, neoliberalism, inequalities, sovereignty

Abstract

This paper employs historical analysis, a structuralist approach, and a critical review to investigate the evolution of Brazilian economic policy from 1980 to 2020. It examines the transition from the developmentalist model to the neoliberal one, characterized by financialization, privatizations, and trade liberalization, and assesses how social advancements during PT governments coexisted with adherence to market demands. In three sections, it explores the II PND, the impact of neoliberalism, and the consolidation of orthodox economic policies that subordinated national interests to financial capital, perpetuating inequalities and weakening national sovereignty. 

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Author Biographies

  • Alexandre Favaro Lucchesi, UFABC

    Professor Visitante na Universidade Federal do ABC

  • Marcos Henrique do Espírito Santo, USP

    Doutor em História Econômica pela FFLCH-USP

  • Jaime William de Andrade Charles, FMU

    Bacharel em Ciências Econômicas pela FMU, com MBA em Controladoria e Auditoria pela Descomplica

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Published

2025-05-30

Issue

Vol. 40 No. esp.maio (2025): "A Economia Brasileira nas Últimas Quatro Décadas" - Revista Economia Ensaios – 40 anos (1984-2024)

Section

Artigos

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Copyright on any open access article published by “Revista Economia Ensaios” is retained by the author(s). Authors grant “Revista Economia Ensaios” the right to first publish the article, and also grant any third party the right to use the article freely, in educational and non-commercial applications, so long as its integrity is kept and authors and citation details are identified.

How to Cite

LUCCHESI, Alexandre Favaro; SANTO, Marcos Henrique do Espírito; CHARLES, Jaime William de Andrade. From the crisis of developmentalism to the hegemony of neoliberalism in Brazilian economic policy (1980-2020). Revista Economia Ensaios, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil, v. 40, n. esp.maio, 2025. DOI: 10.14393/REE-v40nesp.maioa2025-78371. Disponível em: https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/revistaeconomiaensaios/article/view/78371. Acesso em: 6 dec. 2025.