VARIABILIDADE ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DA SUPERFÍCIE URBANA NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE BELÉM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14393/BGJ-v15n1-a2024-70957Keywords:
Meteorologia, Mapeamento, Amazônia SetentrionalAbstract
Urban areas and Evapotranspiration (Et) are important components of water and energy balance, as well as a key variable for functions linked to ecosystems. The objective of this research was to understand and map the behavior of Et (1999 a 2020) in the face of the process of landscape change in the Metropolitan Region of Belém (RMB). To calculate the parameters of the urban Et model and generate maps, the free software QGIS version 3.16 was used, and through the tool AI.evapo.mh it was estimated the evapotranspiration. The highlights are comparing the RGB and NDVI images of 07/21/1999 and 07/14/2020, where it was found that in the RMB there was urban expansion over wooded areas. Urbanization contributes to the transformation of natural environments into urban spaces, changing the natural composition of the landscape and thermal comfort, and may have contributed to the variation of microclimate. Concerning Et (1999 and 2020), mean values were lower in 1999 than in 2020, with the estimated values of Etmin=3.08 mm and Etmax=3.73 mm for the 1999 image, and the values of Etmin=3.91 mm and Etmax=5.08 mm for the 2020 image. The values obtained for the RMB corroborate some results observed in the scientific literature regarding the increase in Et over the years as a result of the decrease in vegetation cover. The growth of the region was linked to the decrease in vegetation cover, which influenced temperature and Et. Therefore, urban Et is an important parameter to be monitored and deserves further studies to analyze its behavior, as well as the variables that influence it.
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