Biomass and essential oil production of basil at recirculation intervals of nutrient solutions prepared with treated domestic effluents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v38n0a2022-53610Palavras-chave:
Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum minimum, Soilless Cultivation, Water Resources, Wastewater.Resumo
Com a crescente crise hídrica, a utilização de águas residuárias é uma prática que ajuda a diminuir a pressão sobre o uso de águas de boa qualidade. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o crescimento, produção e o teor de óleo essencial dos genótipos de manjericão ‘Alfavaca Basilicão’ e ‘Grecco a Palla’ em sistema hidropônico DFT adaptado em tubos de PVC sob diferentes intervalos de recirculações das soluções nutritivas preparadas em efluentes domésticos tratados. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação com os genótipos de manjericão ‘Alfavaca Basilicão’ e ‘Grecco a Palla’, analisados individualmente. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3: dois tipos de água (abastecimento e residuária) e três intervalos de recirculações das soluções nutritivas (2, 4 e 6 h). Aos 35 dias após o transplantio avaliaram-se a altura de planta, diâmetro do caule, as massas de matéria fresca e seca da parte aérea, consumo hídrico, eficiência do uso da água, teor e rendimento de óleo essencial. Os tipos de água não influenciaram significativamente as variáveis de crescimento, produção e teor de óleo essencial dos dois genótipos de manjericão. O cultivo do manjericão no sistema DFT em tubos é tecnicamente viável com soluções nutritivas preparadas em efluentes domésticos tratados e recirculações a cada 2 e 6 h para os genótipos ‘Grecco a Palla’ e ‘Alfavaca Basilicão’, respectivamente. Os teores médios de óleo essencial foram de 1,6 e 1,7% (m/v) para os genótipos ‘Alfavaca Basilicão’ e ‘Grecco a Palla’, respectivamente.
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