Morpho-anatomy of leaves and yield of pineapple plant in intercropping with cassava

Authors

  • Roberto Aparecido Custódio Universidade Federal do Acre
  • Sebastião Elviro Araújo Neto Universidade Federal do Acre
  • Paulo César Poeta Fermino Junior Universidade Federal do Acre
  • Romeu de Carvalho Andrade Neto Empresa Brasileira de Pesqusia Agropecuária
  • Irene Ferro Silva Universidade Federal do Acre

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v32n4a2016-26827

Keywords:

Ananas comosus L. Merrill. Manihot esculenta Crantz. Phenotypic plasticity. Intercropping.

Abstract

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of shade in pineapple plant with cassava, on the yields of pineapple fruit sand cassava roots, on the morph-anatomical variation, damage by solar radiation and chlorophyll content of pineapple leaves. Pineapple plants were cultivated in plots comprising three parallel row sunder different shade conditions provided by cassava plants grown at various spacings within single rows located on either side of the plots. The experiment was of a randomized block design with five treatments (cassava spacings of 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 and 1.25 m and a pineapple monoculture) and four replications. Yields of fruits and roots, together with the morphological, chemical and histological characteristics of the "D" leaves of pineapple, were determined14 months after planting the pineapples plant. Data were submitted to analysis of variance with the Scott-Knott test or Friedman test (P< 0.05) and to regression analysis. Pineapple plants grown under the majority of shade conditions presented higher fruit weight and overall yield per hectare in comparison with plants grown in direct sunlight. The maximum productivities of pineapple fruit were achieved when cassava plants were spaced 0.75 m apart and, under these shade conditions, fruits were fully protected against burning by the sun. The "D" leaves of shaded plants were longer and thicker, with higher content of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll, reduced stomatal density and dimensions of stomatal pores, narrower guard cells, thinner aquiferous hypodermis, and reduced abaxial and adaxial epidermis. The yield of cassava roots per plant increased linearly with increasing distance between the plants, but the yield per hectare decreased with decreasing plant density.

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Published

2016-07-08

How to Cite

CUSTÓDIO, R.A., NETO, S.E.A., FERMINO JUNIOR, P.C.P., ANDRADE NETO, R. de C. and SILVA, I.F., 2016. Morpho-anatomy of leaves and yield of pineapple plant in intercropping with cassava . Bioscience Journal [online], vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 839–848. [Accessed18 November 2024]. DOI 10.14393/BJ-v32n4a2016-26827. Available from: https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/biosciencejournal/article/view/26827.

Issue

Section

Agricultural Sciences