Genetic variability among 79 soybean progenies from UFU-Breeding Program

Abstract

Achieving high yield strains and early maturity are primary objectives in Soybean Breeding Program. As a result, the objective of this study was to evaluate 79 soybean progenies derived from ten biparental crosses from the Soybean UFU- Breeding Program. The experiment was conducted at Capim Branco Farm in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Initially the hibridation occurred among the parental genotypes with the desirable agronomic trai ts in a greenhouse. Subsequently, the selection by Bulk was made until the F4 generation. From this, individuals in the F5 generation progeny test were selected considering the traits grain yield and early. On February 10, 2010 it was carried out the conventional seeding of 79 progenies derived from ten biparental crosses in order to assess the following traits: Cycle (days), type of growth (TC), color of flower (CF), color of pubescence (CP), plant lodging (PL), number of pods with three grains (P3), number of pods with two grains (P2), number of pods with one grain (P1), total number of pods (PT), weight of 100 grains (W100), number of days to flowering (NDF), plant height at flowering (HPF), number of days to maturity (NDM), plant height at maturity (HPM), insertion height of first pod (H1V) and grain yield (PROD). With the exception of trait plant lodging, the agronomic traits that were evaluated allowed to identify genetic variability among the genotypes. The progenies UFUS 32, UFUS 02, UFUS 01, UFUS 37, UFUS 12, UFUS 36, UFUS 16, UFUS 29, UFUS 14 and UFUS 51 were the most promising genotypes for the conditions of Uberlândia - Minas Gerais, plant height at flowering and more adequate maturity and type of indeterminate growth, these being more productive, can be inserted in final testing of the Soybean UFU-Breeding Program and released as new cultivars.