Synthesis and evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of purified and unpurified multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Leonardo Quintana Soares Lopes; Patrícia Kolling Marquezan; Sergio Roberto Mortari; Fernando   Machado Machado; Tiago Moreno Volkmer; Roberto Christ Vianna Santos

doi:10.14393/BJ-v40n0a2024-71916

Authors

Leonardo Quintana Soares Lopes Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3793-5216
Patrícia Kolling Marquezan Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-6039
Sergio Roberto Mortari Universidade Franciscana
Fernando Machado Machado Universidade Federal de Pelotas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-3535
Tiago Moreno Volkmer Universidade Federal de Pelotas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1758-8504
Roberto Christ Vianna Santos Universidade Federal de Santa Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0533-3483

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v40n0a2024-71916

Keywords:

Anti-infective agents, Nanocomposite, Spectrum analysis, Nanotechnology, X-ray diffraction

Abstract

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were purified and unpurified in this study to obtain hybrid materials with improved activity. The production stage comprised a chemical purification of the produced sample. Raman spectroscopy analyzed the structural composition of purified and unpurified samples. The disc diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-kill assessment analyzed antimicrobial activity. MWCNT performed well against the tested bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus sp. Staphylococcus epidermidis). The disc diffusion assay revealed inhibition zone differences caused by purified and unpurified MWCNTs. MIC and MBC values of purified and unpurified MWCNTs were similar. The purified and unpurified nanotubes of Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 35985) exhibited inhibition zone diameters of approximately 8 mm and 9 mm, respectively. The microdilution method revealed a MIC of 1.23 mg/ml for the purified nanotube and 0.156 mg/ml for the unpurified nanotube against the same microorganism. The killing curve analysis demonstrated that unpurified carbon nanotubes were more effective against all tested microorganisms. MWCNTs represent a promising method for microbiology, but studies on the toxicity of these materials remain scarce.

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