New alternative for adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide (2,4-D)

Michelle Ferreira da Silva Rimoli; Roberta Martins Nogueira; Pryscila Machado de Castro; Aloir Antônio Merlo; Adilson Sinhorin; Jacqueline Kerkhoff; Stela Regina Ferrarini; Evaldo Martins Pires

doi:10.14393/BJ-v39n0a2023-64440

Authors

Michelle Ferreira da Silva Rimoli Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Roberta Martins Nogueira Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7197-4457
Pryscila Machado de Castro Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Aloir Antônio Merlo Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8071-5297
Adilson Sinhorin Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Jacqueline Kerkhoff Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5597-1822
Stela Regina Ferrarini Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Evaldo Martins Pires Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0647-084X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v39n0a2023-64440

Keywords:

Activated charcoal, Brazil nuts, Herbicide, Micropores.

Abstract

The adsorptive capacity of charcoal from the husk of the brazil nut fruit, called “ouriço” (the hard ball with nuts inside) for the herbicide dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was evaluated. Activated carbons were produced from the brazil nut in a tubular oven at 800 °C and activated with CO₂ or water steam. The specific surface area was determined by the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method, demonstrating the mean density of micropores. Analysis of N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms was undertaken and the morphology of activated carbons was visualized by Scanning Microscopy (SEM). The activated carbons were successfully obtained and had a specific surface area of 395 m².g^-1 and 401 m².g^-1 after activation with either CO₂ or water steam, respectively. The highest pore mean density occurred with a diameter of 1.17 nm for carbons activated in both atmospheres. The graph of the adsorption/desorption isotherms of N₂ showed Type I isotherms, regardless of the activation atmosphere. The SEM analysis showed that, for both activation atmospheres, pore formation occurred in the shape of uniform honeycomb craters. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second order model, indicating chemisorption. Regardless of the activation atmosphere, the activated carbon from the brazil nut “ouriço”, was highly efficient for 2,4-D adsorption.

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