Intestinal parasitism and related risk factors for primary school students in João Pessoa, northeast Brazil

Authors

  • Ana Carolina da Silva Monteiro Universidade Federal da Paraíba
  • Danielly de Araújo Soares Universidade Federal da Paraíba
  • Sônia Cristina Pereira de Oliveira Ramalho Diniz Universidade Federal da Paraíba
  • Ulanna Maria Bastos Cavalcante Universidade Federal da Paraíba
  • Allan Batista Silva Universidade Federal da Paraíba
  • Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo Vianna Universidade Federal da Paraíba
  • Francisca Inês de Sousa Freitas Universidade Federal da Paraíba
  • Tatiene Correia de Souza Universidade Federal da Paraíba
  • Caliandra Maria Bezerra de Luna Lima Universidade Federal da Paraíba

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v34n1a2018-39899

Keywords:

Nutritional Status, Prevalence, Basic Sanitation, Students, Parasitic diseases

Abstract

The goal of the present study was to determine both prevalence and risk factors associated with intestinal parasitism in school students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a single primary school located in João Pessoa, from February to August in 2016. The students were selected from the age group of 5-16 years. Of the school total of 341 students, 150 fecal specimens (from participants) were collected and were evaluated by three methods: Hoffman, Pons, and Janer (HPJ); Rugai; and the Paratest® Kit. A questionnaire concerning socio-demographic, environmental and behavioral variables was also applied. A logistic regression model was used to explain the occurrence of intestinal parasitism and the associated risk factors. The prevalence was 38.7% of students, with positive samples being more prevalent in the male students (47.0%). The most common parasite was Giardia lamblia 13 (14.8%), followed by Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 8 (9%), Enterobius vermicularis 5 (5.7%), Strongyloides stercolaris 2 (2.3%), Ascaris lumbricoides 2 (2.3%) and Trichuris trichiura 2 (2.3%). Among the enterocommensals, the most frequent was Endolimax nana 36 (40.9%) followed by Entamoeba coli 20 (22.7%). The variables that presented statistical significance (p-value<0.05) ) together with the Odds Ratio (OR) were: gender (female) (OR=2.4; 95% CI, 0.19-0.98), family allowance participant (yes) (OR=4.4; 95% CI, 1.84-10.66), number of rooms in the residence (OR=3.5; 95% CI, 1.13-10.64), family nucleus (OR=7.0; 95% CI, 1.46-12.43), fruit and vegetable hygiene (OR=2.0; 95% CI, 1.23-3.36), use of anthelmintic (OR= 0.02; 95% CI, 0.001-0.30) and detection of worms (OR=25.0; 95% CI, 20.6-30.10). Diseases caused by protozoa were more prevalent. The analyzed risk factors demonstrate that disease transmission happens through differing routes. Thus, appropriate health intervention strategies should be implemented to reduce the burden of intestinal parasites for school students and their families.

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Author Biographies

Ana Carolina da Silva Monteiro, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Modelos de Decisão e Saúde, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Danielly de Araújo Soares, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Sônia Cristina Pereira de Oliveira Ramalho Diniz, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Ulanna Maria Bastos Cavalcante, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Modelos de Decisão e Saúde, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Allan Batista Silva, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Modelos de Decisão e Saúde, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo Vianna, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Modelos de Decisão e Saúde, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Francisca Inês de Sousa Freitas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Chefe do Laboratório de Parasitologia Clínica, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Tatiene Correia de Souza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Modelos de Decisão e Saúde, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Caliandra Maria Bezerra de Luna Lima, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Modelos de Decisão e Saúde, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

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Published

2018-08-08

How to Cite

DA SILVA MONTEIRO, A.C., DE ARAÚJO SOARES, D., PEREIRA DE OLIVEIRA RAMALHO DINIZ, S.C., BASTOS CAVALCANTE, U.M., BATISTA SILVA, A., PINHEIRO DE TOLEDO VIANNA, R., DE SOUSA FREITAS, F.I., CORREIA DE SOUZA, T. and BEZERRA DE LUNA LIMA, C.M., 2018. Intestinal parasitism and related risk factors for primary school students in João Pessoa, northeast Brazil . Bioscience Journal [online], vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 1062–1072. [Accessed14 November 2024]. DOI 10.14393/BJ-v34n1a2018-39899. Available from: https://seer.ufu.br/index.php/biosciencejournal/article/view/39899.

Issue

Section

Health Sciences