Software for automatic diagnostic prediction of skin clinical images based on ABCD rule

Abstract

Cancer is responsible for about 7 million annual deaths worldwide. Among them, the melanoma type, responsible for 4% of the skin cancers, whose incidence has doubled in the last ten years. The processing of digital images has shown good potential for assistance in the early detection of melanomas. In this sense, the objective of the current study was to develop a software for clinical images processing and reach a score of accuracy higher than 95%. The ABCD rule was used as a guide for the development of computational analysis methods. MATLAB was used as programming environment for the development of the processing of digital images software. The images used were acquired from two banks of free images. They included images of melanomas (n=15) and nevi images (not cancer) (n=15). Images in RGB color channel were used, which were converted to grayscale, 8x8 median filter applications and 3x3 neighborhood approach technique. After, we proceeded to the binarization and inversion of black and white for later extraction of contour characteristics of the lesion. The classifier used was an artificial neural network of radial basis, getting accuracy for diagnosis of melanomas images of 100% and of 90.9% for not cancer images. Thus, global correction for diagnostic prediction was 95.5%. An area under the ROC graph 0.967 was achieved, suggesting a great diagnostic predictive ability. Besides, the software presents low cost use, since it can be run on most operating systems used nowadays.