Nutritional profile and biochemical alterations in non-institutionalized senior citizens with Alzheimer disease: a case-control study

Bruno Bordin  Pelazza; Patrícia Amâncio da  Rosa; Loriane Francisca Tarnopolski  Borges; Caroline  Parizotto; Jéssica Duarte  Verbaneck; Dannyele Cristina da Silva; Guilherme Silva Mendonca; Weber Cláudio Francisco Nunes da  Silva; Juliana Sartori  Bonini

doi:10.14393/BJ-v36n6a2020-49979

Authors

Bruno Bordin Pelazza Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste
Patrícia Amâncio da Rosa Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste
Loriane Francisca Tarnopolski Borges Faculdade Guairacá
Caroline Parizotto Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste
Jéssica Duarte Verbaneck Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste
Dannyele Cristina da Silva Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste
Guilherme Silva Mendonca Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Weber Cláudio Francisco Nunes da Silva Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste
Juliana Sartori Bonini Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v36n6a2020-49979

Keywords:

Nutritional Assessment., Biomarkers., Mental state assessment., Dementia. Leptin.

Abstract

Assess the nutritional and biochemical state of patients with Alzheimer Disease (AD) compared to a control group. This is an observational, case-control and descriptive type study, based on the recruiting of 22 elderly individuals with a clinical diagnosis of AD considered as the case group, and 22 other elderly individuals considered as the control group. Evaluations were made using the results from the following scales Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), anthropometric measurements for obtaining the body mass index (BMI) and biochemical analyses. The analyses were performed on the program SPSS version 20.0, using absolute and relative measures, T test for independent samples for measurement comparisons and the Spearman correlation test. In the cognitive evaluation MMSE, those participants with AD present higher risk of cognitive decline (81.8%), greater risk of malnutrition according to MNA (45.5%) and altered levels of leptin (90.9%). Upon performing the comparison analysis between the group with AD and the control group, there existed noteworthy differences between the means for the variables MNA (4.40; BMI95% 2.75 – 6.06), MMSE (10.54; BMI95% 7.09 – 13.99) and doses of HDL (High Density Lipoproteins) (14.53; BMI95% 6.18 – 22.88). As well as differences in the p-value < 0.09 in the leptin doses (11.54; BMI95% (-24.98 – 1.89) and transferrin dose (-72.31; BMI95% -159.48 – 14.84). The Spearman correlation demonstrated that the cognitive decline in the group of senior citizens with AD was strongly associated with nutritional conditions MNA (R 0.484) and the leptin dose (R 0.590). Senior citizens with AD present worse nutritional conditions, cognitive decline and biochemical alterations when compared to senior citizens in the control group. As such, the study demonstrated the need for an integrated healthcare assistance concerning senior citizens with AD.