Potencial do óleo essencial e frações das folhas de Tetradenia riparia no controle das larvas de Aedes aegypti e Rhipicephalus microplus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v39n0a2023-63187Palavras-chave:
Acetylcholinesterase, Cattle tick, Dengue mosquito, False myrrh.Resumo
Tetradenia riparia (Hochst) Cood. (Lamiaceae) é um arbusto conhecido como mirra, utilizada na medicina popular para o tratamento de várias enfermidades. Estudos científicos têm demonstrado potenciais atividades biológicas da mirra. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve por objetivo a identificação química e o fracionamento do óleo essencial de T. riparia, a avaliação das atividades larvicida sobre o carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus e Aedes aegypti e a determinação do potencial anticolinesterásico. O óleo essencial foi extraído das folhas por hidrodestilação, e fracionado em coluna cromatográfica tendo como eluentes: pentano, diclorometano e metanol em diferentes proporções. Do fracionamento foram obtidas 11 frações (FRs) que foram analisadas por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG/EM) e avaliadas quanto ao potencial larvicida através do teste de imersão larval para as larvas do carrapato bovino e para as larvas do terceiro estádio do Aedes aegypti, e avaliada a atividade anticolinesterásica através do ensaio bioautográfico. Quarenta e cinco compostos foram identificados no óleo essencial, com a classe predominante de sesquiterpenos (hidrocarbonetos 35,20%; oxigenados 45,95%), e isoespatulenol (17,40%); β-cariofileno (15,61%); 14-hydroxy-9-epi-cariofileno (10,07%); 14-hidroxi-α-Muuroleno (8,32%) and 9β,13β-epoxy-7-abieteno (5,53%) como compostos majoritários. Quatro frações apresentaram atividade larvicida (FR1: pentano:diclorometano (7:3); FR2: pentano:diclorometano (3:7); FR3: diclorometano; FR4:diclorometano:metanol (9:1). Os testes das atividades larvicidas demonstraram que o óleo essencial (CL501,56 µg/mL) e a FR3 (CL50 0,30 µg/mL) foram mais ativas frente às larvas do carrapato bovino e do A. aegypti, respectivamente. O óleo essencial e as FR1, FR2 e FR3 apresentaram efeito inibitório sobre enzima acetilcolinesterase. Estes resultados demonstram que o óleo essencial e as frações são promissores para o desenvolvimento de produtos que possam ser aplicados com segurança para o controle do carrapato bovino, bem como no controle das larvas do A. aegypti.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Letícia Ferarrese, Herika Line Marko de Oliveira, Gabriella Santana de Oliveira, Juliana Aparecida Mendonça, Wilsandrei Cella, Mário de Luca Neto, Rodrigo Sadao Inumaro, Larissa Rafaela de Paula Ferreira, Heris Lorenzi dos Santos Perfeito, Ezilda Jacomassi, José Eduardo Gonçalves, Ranulfo Piau Junior, Daniela Dib Gonçalves, Carla Maria Mariano Fernandez , Zilda Cristiani Gazim
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