Genetic diversity and structure in natural populations of Cajui from Brazilian Cerrado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v37n0a2021-53974Palavras-chave:
Anacardium, Conservation, Genetic resources, Population structureResumo
O cajuí (Anacardium spp.) é um fruto nativo do cerrado brasileiro e possui potencial para comercialização. Entretanto, a exploração do cajuí ocorre exclusivamente por meio do extrativismo, sem estratégias de conservação, o que pode diminuir sua diversidade genética. Neste trabalho, a diversidade genética e a estrutura populacional entre 56 acessos de cajuí de três populações naturais do Parque Nacional das Sete Cidades (PI, Brasil) e dois acessos de caju (grupo externo) do Banco de Germoplasma da Embrapa Meio-Norte foram mensuradas usando marcadores ISSR. Foram obtidos 112 marcadores, dos quais 93 (83,04%) foram polimórficos. Os índices de diversidade dessas populações mostraram um nível moderado de diversidade genética. A AMOVA indicou que 96,17% da variabilidade genética encontra-se dentro das populações, o que representa baixa diferenciação genética entre as mesmas (ΦST = 0,03828). A análise da estrutura genética indicou a existência de quatro grupos genéticos conectados. Portanto, os três locais de coleta não representaram subpopulações devido ao alto fluxo gênico (Nm = 6,7) favorecido pela biologia floral de Anacardium, bem como pelos polinizadores e pequenos animais dispersores de sementes. Os resultados desta pesquisa são úteis aos programas de conservação de Anacardium spp., pois permitiram identificar os acessos mais divergentes geneticamente (C-03, C-05, C-22, C-26, C-34 e C-39) e portanto, genótipos prioritários para conservação.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Maria Fernanda da Costa Gomes, Artemisa Nazaré Costa Borges, Giovana Sarah Sales Batista, Gizele de Andrade Luz, Maria Edileide Alencar Oliveira, Ângela Celis de Almeida Lopes, Ademir Sérgio Ferreira de Araújo, Regina Lúcia Ferreira Gomes, Fábio Barros Britto, Paulo Sarmanho da Costa Lima, Sérgio Emílio dos Santos Valente
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
