Enzymatic activity and gene expression related to drought stress tolerance in maize seeds and seedlings

Milena Christy Santos; Édila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho; Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos; Danielle Rezende Vilela; Izabel Costa Silva Neta; Viviane Maria de Abreu; Renato Coelho de Castro Vasconcellos

doi:10.14393/BJ-v37n0a2021-53953

Autores

Milena Christy Santos Helix Sementes e Mudas
Édila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho Universidade Federal de Lavras
Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos Universidade Federal de Lavras https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1384-4969
Danielle Rezende Vilela Universidade Federal de Lavras https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-5154
Izabel Costa Silva Neta Helix sementes
Viviane Maria de Abreu Bayer Crop Science https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0798-1556
Renato Coelho de Castro Vasconcellos Embrapa Cassava and Fruits https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2610-601X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14393/BJ-v37n0a2021-53953

Palavras-chave:

Abiotic stress , Proteomic, RT-qPCR, Zea mays.

Resumo

O estresse hídrico é um dos fatores mais limitantes para o desenvolvimento da cultura do milho, e o conhecimento de genes relacionados a este estresse em sementes e em plântulas pode ser uma importante ferramenta para acelerar o processo de seleção. Nós avaliamos a expressão de genes relacionados à tolerância ao estresse hídrico em sementes e em diferentes tecidos de plântulas de milho. Quatro genótipos tolerantes (91-T, 32-T, 91x75-T e 32x75-T) e quatro não tolerantes (37-NT, 57-NT, 37x57-NT e 31x37-NT) foram semeadas em substrato contendo 10% (estresse) e 70% (controle) de capacidade de retenção de água no solo. Foi avaliada a expressão de 4 enzimas: catalase (CAT), peroxidase (PO), esterase (EST) e proteínas resistentes ao calor (HRP), e também a expressão de 6 genes: ZmLEA3, ZmPP2C, ZmCPK11, ZmDREB2A/2.1s, ZmDBP3 e ZmAN13 em sementes, parte aérea e raízes submetidas ou não ao estresse. A expressão da CAT, PO, SOD, EST e HRP variaram entre os genótipos avaliados e também em sementes, raiz e parte aérea de plântulas de milho. Maior expressão das enzimas CAT e PO foram observadas na parte aérea. Houve maior expressão da enzima EST nos genótipos não tolerantes ao estresse hídrico. As HRP se expressaram apenas em sementes. Maior expressão dos genes ZmLEA3 e ZmCPK11 foram observados na parte aérea de plântulas de milho, classificadas como tolerantes. Houve maior expressão dos genes ZmAN13 e ZmDREB2A/2.1S em raízes sob condição de estresse e uma maior expressão do gene ZmPP2C em sementes da linhagem 91-T, que é classificada como tolerante ao déficit hídrico.

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